25404142
BACKGROUND	The study investigated the long-term effectiveness of the adolescent cognitive behavioral resiliency training Op Volle Kracht ( OVK ) on the secondary outcomes : anxiety symptoms , hopelessness , happiness , life satisfaction , optimism , coping , self-efficacy , and school functioning .
BACKGROUND	In addition , the study analyzed whether the secondary outcomes moderated the intervention effect on depressive symptoms .
METHODS	A two-condition ( intervention and control ) cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted .
METHODS	All adolescents in the 8th grade were eligible to participate , unless they , or their parents , declined their participation .
METHODS	Schools were the unit of randomization .
METHODS	Missing data were imputed and intent to treat analyses were conducted .
METHODS	The results were analyzed using Latent Growth Curve Modeling across the 24-months follow-up period .
RESULTS	The total sample consisted of 1341 adolescents ( Mage = 13.91 , SD = 0.55 , 47.3 % girls , 83.1 % Dutch ethnicity ) .
RESULTS	The intervention and control condition consisted of 634 adolescents from 4 schools and 707 adolescents from 5 schools , respectively .
RESULTS	OVK did not have an effect on depression , anxiety , hopelessness , happiness , and life satisfaction , but promoted cognitive coping over the course of the follow-up period .
RESULTS	OVK showed small iatrogenic effects on optimism , active coping , social self-efficacy and school grades directly post intervention , but these effects disappeared during the follow-up period .
RESULTS	Finally , none of the outcome variables moderated the intervention effect on depressive symptoms .
CONCLUSIONS	The universal resiliency training OVK was not effective in this Dutch sample .
CONCLUSIONS	Implications for research and practice were discussed .
BACKGROUND	NTR2879 .

